Earth Data

Bulk parameters

Mass                         5.9736e24 kg
GM                          398.6005e3 km3/s2
Equatorial radius              6378.14 km
Polar radius                      6356 km
Core radius                       3485 km
Flattening                    3.353e-3
                              1/298.25
Mean density                      5520 kg/m3
Moment of inertia coefficient   0.3308
J2                          1.08263e-3
Surface gravity                   9.78 m/s2
Escape velocity                 11.186 km/s
Topographic range                   20 km
Average geothermal heat             60 mW/m2
Average lapse rate                  25 K/km

Orbital parameters

Semimajor axis                 149.6e6 km
Sidereal period             365.256366 d
                            31.55815e6 s
Tropical period             365.242199 d
Eccentricity                    0.0167
Mean orbital velocity            29.79 km/s

Radiative properties

Bond albedo                      0.385
Visual geometric albedo          0.367
Visual magnitude V(1,0)          -3.86
Solar irradiance                  1380 W/m2
Black-body temperature           247.3 K

Spin properties

North pole (RA and Dec)            0.0 deg / 0.0 deg
Obliquity                        23.44 deg
Sidereal rotation rate         360.985 deg/d
Sidereal rotation period       23.9345 h
                                    23 h 56 min 4.09 s
                             86 164.09 s

Terrestrial Magnetosphere

Dipole strength                 0.3076 gauss-Re3
Orientation of dipole north       78.6 deg N / 70.1 deg W
Dipole offset                   0.0725 Re
Offset vector                     18.3 deg N / 147.8 deg E

Terrestrial Atmosphere

Surface pressure                  1014 mb
Surface density                  1.217 kg/m3
Scale height                       8.5 km
Average temperature                288 K
Diurnal temperature range   283 to 293 K
Wind speeds                   0 to 100 m/s
Mean molecular weight            28.97 g/mol
Composition (by volume, dry air):
  Nitrogen       (N2)      78.084%
  Oxygen         (O2)      20.946%
  Argon          (Ar)      9340 ppm
  Carbon Dioxide (CO2)     350 ppm
  Neon           (Ne)      18.18 ppm
  Helium         (He)      5.24 ppm
  Methane        (CH4)     1.7 ppm
  Krypton        (Kr)      1.14 ppm
  Hydrogen       (H2)      0.55 ppm
  Water is highly variable, typically making up about 1%.

Osculating Orbital Elements*

Epoch                     JD 2449360.5
Mean distance                   1.0000 AU
Eccentricity                    0.0167
Inclination                     0.0007 deg
Longitude of ascending node     357.20 deg
Longitude of perihelion         102.82 deg
Mean longitude at epoch         107.40 deg